Training Nutrition Tips – 4 R’s to Recovery
Hot off the press:
Is this something cyclists have known for years about recovery nutrition that is only now being recognised by scientific research? Could the humble coffee shop stop off be the secret weapon in restoring carbohydrates after exercise?
Recent research from an Australian university has shown that caffeine consumed with carbohydrates can increase glycogen replenishment. The research is a bit misleading as they have used a truck load of caffeine (nearly five cups of coffee) in the research, but it may help you justify asking for a second cup with your jam and toast at the coffee shop after your next ride!
4 R’s of Recovery Nutrition
The next month is a busy time for racing, both on and off the road. To ensure you are able to race at your best, you need to recover and train well between races. Massage, stretching, getting enough sleep, cold baths and using compression garments all help but nutrition plays a major role in ensuring you recover in as short a period of time as possible.
Rehydrate
After prolonged exercise or exercise in the heat the body will inevitably be dehydrated. This is not a bad thing but if left uncorrected it can impair recovery significantly. The first thing most athletes do is guzzle down a large bottle of water and think that they have done enough to rehydrate. What this does is dilutes the body’s fluids triggering the kidneys to get rid of some fluid. Over the next few hours most of the fluid consumed is lost and the athlete is more dehydrated than before they had something to drink.
There is now considerable research that shows that the addition of sodium with a fluid can improve the body’s ability to hold on to water after exercise. There has even been research to suggest that Milk (that’s right, milk!) is better than water at rehydrating after exercise. It has more sodium in it than most sports drinks and is mainly water. It also has the added benefit of having Carbohydrate and Protein (both Whey and Casein.) But if you don’t want to chug down milk after a hard race ensure you have plenty of fluid with your recovery snack and make sure it is something salty (maybe even the humble peanut butter sandwich).
Refuel
It is important to start the refuelling of the body as soon as possible after an event. Aim for around 50-100g of carbohydrate (around 1-1.5g/kg body weight) in the post race recovery snack. After this initial snack, continue replacing carbohydrate regularly over the next 24 hours to ensure that when you start your next training session you are fully fuelled and able to train at your max.
Repair and Rebuild
As discussed in previous articles, protein is essential for the repair of muscle tissue post exercise. Including protein in your post race recovery snack will ensure the body begins the repair and rebuilding process immediately. Aim to include around 10-20g of protein in your recovery nutrition.
As we have discussed before there is some evidence that suggests that if you consume protein as part of your race nutrition it may reduce the amount of muscle damage suffered during the race and speed up the recovery process. Similar to carbohydrate, protein intake should not stop with one snack after the race. Continue to consume protein over the next 24hrs at each meal to ensure you drip feed the muscle with the essential amino acids it requires to repair race damage.
Revitalise
We know that a diet high in fruits and vegetables is essential to maintain sufficient intake of vitamins, minerals, anti-oxidants, and good fats (omega 3). It is now becoming more evident that it is also essential for recovery after exercise.
This is especially the case for anti-oxidants and omega 3’s. In recent years research has shown that supplementation of vitamins A, C and E may not be as beneficial as first thought and in fact may actually cause more damage than good.
Focus has now changed to plant based anti-oxidants like Polyphenols and Catechins. Due to the complex nature of the body’s anti-oxidant system, if too much of one anti-oxidant is taken it can reduce the effectiveness of the whole system. This is where more research has focused on the use of whole foods like anti-oxidant rich berries to improve anti-oxidant intake and improve exercise recovery. Omega 3’s have also gained popularity for their general health benefits but they have also been looked at to reduce inflammatory responses.
Other plant substances (like turmeric and green tea) are also being looked at to reduce inflammatory response but to date have not been shown to be beneficial in humans. Although most of this research is in its infancy it is easy to implement by consuming whole foods in the recovery phase. In the 24 hours after a race ensure you include at least one serve of anti-oxidant rich berries (blueberries etc.) and try to consume some form of omega 3 containing food like tinned sardines or a high dose Omega 3 supplement.
Good luck with your racing over the next few months and enjoy the warmer weather.
Eat up the Road.
Greg Shaw, Australian Institute of Sport, Sports Dietitian

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